The detrimental effects of sanitary water decreased survival and growth of the embryos

Abstract

Sanitary contaminants, such as bacteria, viruses, and chemicals, can have both pathological and physiological effects on the development of chick embryos. Pathological effects may include infection and inflammation, which can lead to decreased survival and growth of the embryos. Physiological effects may include changes in metabolism and hormone levels, which can affect the development and function of various organs and systems. In addition, exposure to certain contaminants, such as heavy metals, can result in structural defects and developmental abnormalities. Overall, the effects of sanitary contaminants on chick embryos can vary depending on the type and concentration of the contaminant, as well as the stage of embryonic development at which the exposure occurs. Five groups, A through E, will receive 100 eggs each (n=100). On the ninth embryonic day, exposing embryos to sanitary water had no detectable impact (p > 0.05) on body length, wing length, hind limb length, or head diameter compared to the control group. By the 12th day, all chick embryo groups differed from the control group in body length and head diameter (p < 0.05). According to the hatchability test, group C (chicks exposed to a lower dose) had 80% normal hatchability on the 21st day, but groups B and A showed no discernible delay compared to group C, which had delayed hatching on the 22nd day due to a strong dosage. Both the control and group C (chicks that hatched on their own) revealed a dose-dependent impact; however, the heavily dosed chicks needed their eggs to be forcibly broken. All of these studies demonstrated that developmental abnormalities increased with embryonic age when sanitary water content was 100% or 70%. Groups A and B had more abnormalities and deaths as embryos aged.